该文探讨了工业机器人实验教学课程中虚拟仿真与实物实验有机结合的安全操作教学方法。根据实际应用场景设计了工业机器人在有限空间中的轨迹规划实验，并给出了物理建模、运动学计算、轨迹规划的递进式解决方案，提出了基于MATLAB Robotics Toolbox的虚拟仿真教学过程和基于国产工业机器人的实物实验教学过程，在此基础上综合设计了虚实结合的安全操作实验教学方法，以实际课程案例说明其应用效果。采用该方法进行实验教学能够在保证安全操作的前提下使学生循序渐进地掌握工业机器人操作过程，为学生进行开放性实验探索提供安全的虚实结合架构，在教学过程中取得了良好的效果，也可推广到其他具有操作危险性的实验教学课程。

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied to investigate intricate biological dynamics due to its outstanding super-resolution imaging speed. Incorporating compressive sensing into SIM brings the possibility to further improve the super-resolution imaging speed. Nevertheless, the recovery of the super-resolution information from the compressed measurement remains challenging in experiments. Here, we report structured illumination microscopy with complementary encoding-based compressive imaging (CECI-SIM) to realize faster super-resolution imaging. Compared to the nine measurements to obtain a super-resolution image in a conventional SIM, CECI-SIM can achieve a super-resolution image by three measurements; therefore, a threefold improvement in the imaging speed can be achieved. This faster imaging ability in CECI-SIM is experimentally verified by observing tubulin and actin in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. This work provides a feasible solution for high-speed super-resolution imaging, which would bring significant applications in biomedical research.

Curvature sensing plays an important role in structural health monitoring, damage detection, real-time shape control, modification, etc. Developing curvature sensors with large measurement ranges, high sensitivity, and linearity remains a major challenge. In this study, a curvature sensor based on flexible one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) films was proposed. The flexible 1D-PC films composed of dense chalcogenide glass and water-soluble polymer materials were fabricated by solution processing. The flexible 1D-PC film curvature sensor has a wide measurement range of 33–133 m^-1 and a maximum sensitivity of 0.26 nm/m^-1. The shift of the transmission peak varies approximately linearly with the curvature in the entire measurement range. This kind of 1D-PC film curvature sensor provides a new idea for curvature sensing and measurement.

Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) technology enables high-bandwidth data transmission using orthogonal waveguide modes to construct parallel data streams. However, few demonstrations have been realized for generating and supporting high-order modes, mainly due to the intrinsic large material group-velocity dispersion (GVD), which make it challenging to selectively couple different-order spatial modes. We show the feasibility of on-chip GVD engineering by introducing a gradient-index metamaterial structure, which enables a robust and fully scalable MDM process. We demonstrate a record-high-order MDM device that supports TE₀–TE₁₅ modes simultaneously. 40-GBaud 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals encoded on 16 mode channels contribute to a 2.162 Tbit / s net data rate, which is the highest data rate ever reported for an on-chip single-wavelength transmission. Our method can effectively expand the number of channels provided by MDM technology and promote the emerging research fields with great demand for parallelism, such as high-capacity optical interconnects, high-dimensional quantum communications, and large-scale neural networks.

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has been widely applied in the superresolution imaging of subcellular dynamics in live cells. Higher spatial resolution is expected for the observation of finer structures. However, further increasing spatial resolution in SIM under the condition of strong background and noise levels remains challenging. Here, we report a method to achieve deep resolution enhancement of SIM by combining an untrained neural network with an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework, i.e., ADMM-DRE-SIM. By exploiting the implicit image priors in the neural network and the Hessian prior in the ADMM framework associated with the optical transfer model of SIM, ADMM-DRE-SIM can further realize the spatial frequency extension without the requirement of training datasets. Moreover, an image degradation model containing the convolution with equivalent point spread function of SIM and additional background map is utilized to suppress the strong background while keeping the structure fidelity. Experimental results by imaging tubulins and actins show that ADMM-DRE-SIM can obtain the resolution enhancement by a factor of ∼1.6 compared to conventional SIM, evidencing the promising applications of ADMM-DRE-SIM in superresolution biomedical imaging.

Various super-resolution microscopy techniques have been presented to explore fine structures of biological specimens. However, the super-resolution capability is often achieved at the expense of reducing imaging speed by either point scanning or multiframe computation. The contradiction between spatial resolution and imaging speed seriously hampers the observation of high-speed dynamics of fine structures. To overcome this contradiction, here we propose and demonstrate a temporal compressive super-resolution microscopy (TCSRM) technique. This technique is to merge an enhanced temporal compressive microscopy and a deep-learning-based super-resolution image reconstruction, where the enhanced temporal compressive microscopy is utilized to improve the imaging speed, and the deep-learning-based super-resolution image reconstruction is used to realize the resolution enhancement. The high-speed super-resolution imaging ability of TCSRM with a frame rate of 1200 frames per second (fps) and spatial resolution of 100 nm is experimentally demonstrated by capturing the flowing fluorescent beads in microfluidic chip. Given the outstanding imaging performance with high-speed super-resolution, TCSRM provides a desired tool for the studies of high-speed dynamical behaviors in fine structures, especially in the biomedical field.

斜面和曲面微结构元件在微电子学、微光学、微流体学等领域有着重要的应用，为了实现快速、低成本的斜面和曲面光刻，提出了利用基于液晶空间光调制器的纯相位计算全息技术投影目标图案到斜面和曲面进行曝光的方法。生成了斜面和球面全息光场，对光场进行消散斑和杂散光去除的处理，完成了斜面和球面光刻实验验证。实验结果表明：该方法加工效率高、设计灵活多变，不受单一结构限制，是一种极具潜力的三维微纳加工方法。